Dogs in Hot Weather: How to Prevent Overheating and Heatstroke

Why Hydration and Shade Aren’t Enough

When I moved from the UK to Maryland, I quickly realized that my dog struggled to cope with the intense summer heat. British summers are mild compared to the humid, scorching conditions in Maryland, and my pet had no idea how to adjust. Dogs often don’t recognize when they’re overheating, especially if they’re focused on staying close to their owner or chasing a ball. This lack of self-regulation puts them at serious risk during hot weather.

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Unlike humans, dogs cool themselves primarily through panting and limited sweat glands in their paws. In high humidity, panting becomes less effective, making it harder for them to lower their body temperature. Breeds with flat faces, like Bulldogs or Pugs, are especially vulnerable due to breathing difficulties. Even active dogs can push themselves too hard without realizing the danger, leading to heat exhaustion or potentially fatal heatstroke.

How Can You Tell If Your Dog Is Overheating?

Simply leaving water out or providing shade doesn’t guarantee safety. Dogs may refuse to drink if they’re stressed or overheated, and shaded areas can still retain heat. Pavement and sand can burn paw pads, so walking during peak heat should be avoided. Early morning or late evening walks are safer, and testing the ground with your hand before heading out is a simple but effective precaution.

Watch for signs like excessive panting, drooling, lethargy, vomiting, or bright red gums. If your dog stumbles or seems disoriented, act immediately. Move them to a cool area, offer small amounts of water, and use cool (not cold) wet towels on their body—especially around the neck and groin. Never use ice baths, as they can cause shock. Seek veterinary help right away if symptoms persist or worsen.

What temperature is too hot for dogs? Generally, temperatures above 85°F (29°C) pose a risk, especially with high humidity. Always monitor your dog’s behavior regardless of the thermometer reading.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can fans help cool down a dog? Fans provide little relief since dogs don’t sweat like humans. They’re more effective when combined with damp towels or cooling mats.

Is it safe to leave a dog in a car with the windows cracked? No. Even with windows open, temperatures inside a car can rise to deadly levels within minutes. Never leave a dog unattended in a vehicle during warm weather.